In this paper, the chaotic bat algorithm (CBA) is applied to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem taking into account small-scale, medium-scale and large-scale power systems.ORPD plays a key role in the power system operation and control.The ORPD problem is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, comprising
MISC This study reports the effect of the addition of oat bran and apple flour on the cooking quality, digestibility, antioxidant, nutritional and texture characteristics of a spaghetti-type pasta.Pasta samples were prepared by substituting 50% of durum wheat semolina with oat bran (OBP) or apple flour (AFP).AFP presented higher cooking loss and wa
Carbohydrates are commonly found in conjunction with lipids or proteins, resulting in the formation of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans.These glycoconjugates are essential in various biological activities, including inflammation, cell-cell recognition, bacterial infections, and immune response.Nonetheless, the i
This study confirms that halal tourism is a tourism industry which has contributed to economic growth in Indonesia, although the world economy slows down.In Indonesia, halal tourism has long been grown in the Wallet Accessories form of a pilgrimage undertaken by people with religious motivation.Along with the development of the global Islamic econo